Are the files corrupted the exact same way in both LR and PS/ACR? If so then they are likely corrupted on disk, already, so anything between the camera writing the files, the card storing the files, the transfer of the data from the card to the computer, to the disk holding the files can be the issue. If not, then something is happening in memory in the program.
The memory that can have problems with LR is typically the computer’s main RAM memory not the video card memory. LR doesn’t use the video card to process images like PS does.
As a trouble-shooting step recopy the files from the camera memory card using another reader or cable and see if this second copy is corrupted in PS/ACR. It is not sufficient to look at the preview thumbnail in the OS viewer as that will be the camera-embedded JPG not an interpretation of the raw data.